Sweden has set an ambitious goal for a fossil-free vehicle fleet in 2030, a vital step toward the country’s CO₂-emissions neutral target by 2050. The public transport sector has an important role in achieving the 2030 fossil-free vehicle fleet goal. The public transport sector has set a target to run 90% of the total vehicle kilometers of the fleet on biofuels by 2020. The focus of this study is the adoption of carbon-neutral fuels in public buses. Bus is the most common means of public transport in Sweden. Passenger boardings on buses comprised 52% of the total number of boardings in public transport in 2013, and bus transport services are offered by all counties of Sweden. Thus achieving the goals on biofuel deployment for the bus fleet is of paramount importance for reaching the overall goal of a fossil-free vehicle fleet. Actions are needed to increase the use of biofuels in Swedish buses all over the country.